One Reddit thread similarly questioning the 180cm measurement of Jesse's height dates back to 2017, and proposes that Americans must be generally tall, given that Jesse looks 5'9" or 5'10" at most. The top comment in this thread, from user Colinlb, claims that Aaron Paul himself is 5'8", meaning that either Paul plays a taller character on "Breaking Bad," or that Gus might have inflated his height.
User seeking-abyss started another such thread in 2019, suggesting that the 180cm measurement might even be intentionally falsified and somehow significant. That thread's top comment, by user Sin_Researcher, floats that it might reflect Gus' lack of interest in Jesse as anything more than a tool, supported by how he treats Jesse throughout the series. Meanwhile, user InternationalAmount simply stated that Jesse is inarguably a short character, to the extent that his stature is significant to his role.
Fans largely agree, then, that based on his appearance relative to other characters throughout "Breaking Bad," Jesse is not 180cm tall as stated in this one scene that attributes him with a precise height. While this could be relevant to Jesse's dynamic with Gus, it's also entirely possible, of course, that the series' American writers are simply inept with measurements in centimeters and mistakenly made Jesse out to be a slightly taller-than-average man.